Note: This op-ed first appeared in The Projector, Red River College’s student newspaper.

Imagine a four-person rock band. They’re trying to establish themselves as full-time musicians. They’ve got a banger of a song their friends swear is going to get the band rich. They record and release that song and end up with a few million plays on a massive streaming platform like Spotify or Apple Music. They must be set financially for at least the next couple of years, right?

Not exactly.

Musicians have been angry about their cut from streaming services for a while. As journalist David Friend puts it, “Ask a Canadian musician what a few pennies sound like and they’ll play you their latest album.”  In that same article, Friend talks to Simple Plan lead vocalist Pierre Bouvier, who says that a million or even 10 million streams won’t pay out the way some might expect. But how much­ — or how little — is that?

GRAMMY Award-winning composer Kabir Sehgal broke down how much an artist makes per play on Spotify in an article for CNBC: “Spotify pays about $0.006 to $0.0084 per stream to the holder of the music rights. And the ‘holder’ can be split among the record label, producers, artists, and songwriters.” Other streaming platforms offer less.

This means a song on Spotify with 10 million plays could make between $60,000 and $84,000. A four-person band with two producers and two songwriters would receive a maximum of $10,800 each, completely ignoring the record label’s cut.

Some artists don’t even reach 10 million Spotify plays on entire albums, which take months — if not years — to make. How is this financially viable?

Simply put, it’s not.

A report from the Music Industry Research Association says the average American musician makes $20,000 to $25,000 a year, with only an average of $100 coming from streaming royalties. For comparison, those surveyed made $300 from ringtone sales.

For streaming revenue to match ringtone revenue, an artist would need at least 33,000 streams to make up the $200 difference. Assuming those artists charged a dollar per ringtone means 300 people buying a ringtone is worth the same as 50,000 people streaming a song.

At the end of the day, that’s still only an extra $200.

To be fair, it’s not like Spotify is swimming in pools of cash. According to Sean Hollister from The Verge, Spotify made a profit for the first time in its 13-year existence in the first quarter of 2019, but is still expected to lose money over the course of the year.

If most artists aren’t making any money from streaming, why are they putting music there in the first place?

Unfortunately, it’s where most listeners are. Spotify alone has grown to 217 million monthly active listeners, with 100 million paid subscribers, according to their 2019 news release. Despite the less-than-ideal pennies per stream, Spotify is a great platform for listeners to find new bands thanks to algorithm-generated playlists and recommendations.

It’s ironic, really. Artists make next to nothing from Spotify, yet they can’t afford to keep their music off it.